ADDINOL expert tip –
Tips from the manufacturer

Abrasive wear is also referred to as abrasion. In this process, one friction partner acts on another and, due to its surface unevenness, generates abrasion or material breakout on the counterpart.

Besides reliable lubrication, heat exchange is decisive for safe operation of a gas engine. Only the use of a high-quality cooler protection agent guarantees the optimum heat exchange.

Additives are added to a product in order to impart certain properties to it or to weaken undesirable properties. They change the properties of lubricants through chemical and physical effects.

Adhesive wear is the result of the transfer of material from one surface to another and typically occurs in poorly lubricated sliding movements.

AW additives are also known as anti-wear additives. The additives contain active substances against abrasive wear.

Ball bearings are a form of rolling bearings in which one or two rows of balls serve as rolling elements. They are used for small to medium radial loads.

Base oil is the main component of lubricants such as engine oils, transmission oils or greases.

It is known that one litre of oil can pollute one million litres of water. If oil gets into drinking water or groundwater, it can cause great ecological damage.

The demulsification properties describe the ability of lubricants to separate water and prevent the formation of emulsions.

The best-known lubricants used in a car are engine oils and transmission oils. They are used in different places in the car and fulfil different functions.

The dropping point is an important quality criterion for lubricating greases. It designates the temperature in degrees Celsius at which a lubricant liquefies and begins to “drip”.

The abbreviation EP stands for “Extreme Pressure” and refers to high pressures that can occur in a mechanical system between two friction partners.

The flash point for oil is the lowest temperature at which an oil sample develops sufficient vapours under specified conditions for the air-vapour mixture above the sample to ignite for the first time without continuing to burn afterwards.

The foaming properties of oil describes the capability of a lubricant, how strongly it tends to foam when exposed to air or how quickly air bubbles are dismantled.

Friction modifiers are additives that are able to reduce or even prevent friction.

Fully synthetic oils are artificially created lubricating oils which have improved oil properties compared to mineral oils. The fully synthetic oils are produced by chemical processes such as synthesis technologies or polymerisation.

Gear wheels are used in transmissions to transmit and convert certain speeds and torques. They consist of at least two shafts in which the gears mesh closely.

The term HC synthetic oil refers to a base oil of a lubricant which is refined by the production process of hydrocracking. HC stands for Hydrocracking. HC synthetic oil is a highly refined mineral oil with a high purity level.

The abbreviation LSPI stands for “Low Speed Pre Ignition”. LSPI describes a combustion problem in downsized petrol engines with direct injection.

Gearboxes, bearings and hydraulic units of a wind turbine operate under high loads: Shocks and vibrations, changing wind speeds and also temperature fluctuations are the order of the day.

A lubrication plan defines all lubrication instructions for a specific machine or system, including lubrication point designations, lubricant types, lubricant quantities and maintenance intervals.

The neutralisation number is an index which indicates the content of acids or bases in lubricating oils. It is specified for industrial lubricants such as gear oils, hydraulic oils or chain oils.

In a plain bearing, bearings and guides hold engine and machine parts that are moving relative to each other in firmly defined paths.

Polyalphaolefin (PAO) is a collective term for synthetic hydrocarbon oils that are obtained from ethylene by means of polymerisation.

The term pour point can also be described with flow point or the cold behaviour of oil. The pour point describes the temperature at which the oil is still fluid and applicable under defined test conditions.

Pressure lubrication (also known as injection lubrication) is a form of lubrication that uses one or more pumps to deliver oil to the lubrication points.

Rolling bearings are used in many different machines. They are installed in clockworks, rolling mills, industrial plants, bicycles, cars or ships.

The saponification number indicates the amount of potassium hydroxide (KOH) required to neutralise all free and combined acids as well as to crack/saponify the esters contained in 1g of a lubricant sample.

Semi-synthetic oil is a mixture of synthetic oils and mineral oils. The proportion of synthetic oils from Group IV base oils and Group V base oils must be at least 10%.

Shear stability describes the property of an oil to resist the action of shear forces and the related mechanical destruction by breaking and tearing. It is the resistance to changes in viscosity.

Silicone oils are synthetic lubricants from the group of silicones. In contrast to mineral oils, they do not consist of organic carbon compounds in their basic structure, but are silicon-based.

Solid lubricants are solid components in lubricants that provide special lubricating properties.

The term splash lubrication refers to a lubrication method for primarily industrial gear units. At least the lower teeth of the gears are located in an oil reservoir.

Engine oil performs important tasks in an internal combustion engine to keep the vehicle functional.

The abbreviation TBN stands for the Total Base Number. The TBN indicates the amount of alkaline additives present in the oil. In this context experts also speak of the alkaline reserve of engine oil. It is described how much acid can be neutralized.

Tribology is also referred to as the science of friction. It describes the science of surfaces acting on each other in relative movements. Typical elements of tribology are friction, wear and lubrication.

Viscosity describes the flow behaviour of a fluid or gas. It reflects the extent of the internal friction of particles in a liquid. Viscosity is one of the most important physical characteristics of a liquid.